India · National Dairy Development Board · professional · unverified source
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Original questions written to this exam's published syllabus and pattern. Not past papers.
1. A cow yields 30 kg of milk containing 3.5% fat. Using 4% FCM = 0.4 M + 15 F, where M is milk yield and F is fat yield in kg, what is her 4% fat-corrected milk?
A. 27.75 kg
Fat yield F = 30 x 0.035 = 1.05 kg. FCM = 0.4 x 30 + 15 x 1.05 = 12 + 15.75 = 27.75 kg. Entering fat as 3.5 (the percentage) instead of 1.05 kg gives 64.5 kg; 30.0 kg is the uncorrected yield; 33.75 kg uses 0.6 instead of 0.4 for the milk coefficient. Because her milk is below 4% fat, FCM is below actual yield.
Veterinary Physiology II: Digestion, Muscle, Nerve, Endocrinology, Reproduction, Lactation, Growth and Climate · Lactation physiology
2. Open-paddock allowances are 7 m2 per cow, 8 m2 per buffalo, 120 m2 per bull and 2 m2 per young calf. How much open space do 20 cows, 10 buffaloes, 1 bull and 8 young calves need?
C. 356 m2
Open area = 20 x 7 + 10 x 8 + 120 + 8 x 2 = 140 + 80 + 120 + 16 = 356 m2. 236 m2 omits the bull's 120 m2; 248 m2 uses the bull's covered figure of 12 m2; 130 m2 is the covered area.
Livestock Production Management I: General Principles and Ruminants · Housing and shelter management
3. A green maize fodder crop yields 45 t/ha fresh weight at 22% dry matter. What is its dry matter yield per hectare?
A. 9.9 t DM/ha
DM yield = fresh yield x DM fraction = 45 x 0.22 = 9.9 t/ha. 35.1 t is the water (45 x 0.78), not the dry matter; 2.05 comes from dividing 45 by 22; 4.5 t is only 10% of 45 t (a wrong DM fraction).
Fodder Production & Grassland Management · Cereal fodder crops
4. A nutritionist applies the commonly quoted limit of urea at not more than 1% of total ration DM. For a cow eating 12 kg DM a day, the maximum daily urea is:
D. 120 g
1% of 12 kg = 0.12 kg = 120 g. 1200 g is 10% (a tenfold slip); 360 g applies the 3% concentrate rule to total DM. Limits vary between textbooks; the animal must also be adapted gradually.
Principles of Animal Nutrition & Feed Technology · Rumen-degradable and undegradable protein
5. Which approach to reducing enteric methane per litre of milk has the most consistent evidence and is applicable to smallholder dairying?
A. Raising digestibility and yield per cow, so less methane per litre
Better-balanced, more digestible rations raise milk per cow and dilute maintenance, lowering methane intensity; ration-balancing programmes have reported this. Defaunation is impractical, oil at over 10 percent of DM wrecks fibre digestion, and poorer forage raises methane per unit of product.
Applied Animal Nutrition I: Ruminants · Rumen manipulation
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