LAISHA · DRAVYAGUNA

Aragvadha

आरग्वध

Cassia fistula L.

Fabaceae · Cassia

Benefits & side effects

TRADITIONAL VIEW, WITH SAFETY LIMITS

Hindi name: Amaltas

What the texts say Aragvadha does

What the evidence says. Traditional use is extensive and long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.

Side effects and limits

Avoid or ask first: Intestinal obstruction, appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal pain.; Inflammatory bowel disease.

A traditional classification, not a recommendation. The full safety record is below.

Stands in 4 groups

A Samhita can only be read forwards, from the group to its members. This is the same list read backwards.

Photographs

Matra and anupana

AS THE CLASSICAL TEXTS AND THE API PRESCRIBE

Phala majja5–10 g
Kwatha50–100 ml
AnupanaUshnodaka · Draksha kwatha
KalaRatri

The mildest of the classical virechaka, which is why it is the one used in children and the elderly.

Reported from Sharangadhara Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Laisha states what the texts prescribe; it does not recommend. No quantity here is adjusted for a particular person — not for agni, koshtha, bala, age, pregnancy, kidney or liver function, or anything already being taken.

Rasapanchaka

Rasa
Madhura
Guna
GuruMriduSnigdha
ViryaSheeta
VipakaMadhura
PrabhavaThe texts treat aragvadha as mrudu virechana, the mildest purgative, and specifically name it as suitable for children, the old and the weak — the group every other purgative in this library excludes.
DoshakarmaKaphapittahara.

A single rasa, madhura, with sheeta virya and madhura vipaka — remarkable for a purgative, and the reason it is the gentlest one the texts describe.

Karma and part used

Mridu virechanaJwaraghnaKushthaghnaVishaghnaShothahara

These are the actions the classical texts record. They are statements about what the tradition holds, and this library does not restate them as findings about a human body.

Upayukta angaPhala majja (the fruit pulp)
Mula (the root)
Patra (the leaf)
Why it mattersThe dark pulp between the partitions of the long cylindrical pod is the dravya. It is sweet, and that is why this is the purgative given to children and in pregnancy where a purgative is needed at all.

Paryaya

ChaturangulaRajavrikshaShampakaKritamalaSuvarnaka

Chaturangula, four fingers, describes the spacing of the partitions inside the pod. Suvarnaka, golden, names the flowers. Rajavriksha, king of trees, records how it was regarded.

Names, by language

EnglishGolden shower tree
SinhalaEhela
NepaliRajbriksha
HindiAmaltas
KannadaKakke
TamilKonrai
TeluguRela
MalayalamKanikkonna
MarathiBahava
GujaratiGarmalo
BengaliSondal
PunjabiAmaltas
OdiaSunari
UrduAmaltas

Classical references

Charaka Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 4 (Shadvirechanashatashritiya)
Aragvadha is named in the Kushthaghna dashemani of the chapter, seventh in the list, which is headed by Khadira. Aragvadha does head its own group, the Aragvadhadi gana, in Sushruta Sutrasthana 38.
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu
Guduchyadi Varga
Gives the rasa, guna, virya and vipaka of aragvadha and describes it as the mildest purgative.
Sushruta Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 38 (Dravyasangrahaniya)
Included among the dravya grouped by action.

Rasa, guna, virya, vipaka and karma are recorded as the classical texts give them, with the text and section named so a student can open the book and check. Where an exact chapter and verse could not be confirmed, this library names the section rather than inventing a number.

Formulations it appears in

Aragvadhadi KwathaNamed for the dravya.
Aragvadha LehaNamed for the dravya.
Kaishora GugguluAmong the dravya of the formulation.

Adulterants and substitutes

Pods of other Cassia species, and pulp from old pods whose sugars have fermented, are sold as aragvadha. The pulp is also bulked with dates and with jaggery, which is hard to see because the genuine article is itself dark and sweet.

Identity

Matched live against the GBIF backbone on 28 September 2026 at 99 per cent confidence. The tree everyone in India knows by its hanging yellow flowers in summer, and the state flower of Kerala.

A WAY TO REMEMBER IT

Cassia from Hebrew qetsi'ah, a peeled bark. Fistula is Latin for pipe or tube — the long cylindrical pod. Aragvadha means disease-killer.

What the tradition holds

Aragvadha is named in the Kushthaghna dashemani of the Charaka Samhita, heads the Aragvadhadi gana in the Sushruta Samhita, and is described in the Bhavaprakasha Nighantu as the mildest purgative. That is what the tradition holds and where it is written down, not a finding about what the pulp does in a body.

Constituents. The pulp carries anthraquinone glycosides, the same class that makes senna and rhubarb purgative, at a lower concentration.

What the evidence says

StatusTraditional use is extensive and long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.
SuggestedHealth Canada publishes monographs covering Ayurvedic ingredients and permits specific traditional-use claims, which reflects a regulator accepting a documented tradition rather than a body of clinical trial evidence.
Not establishedThere is not enough good clinical evidence to establish an effect on any named health condition. Long traditional use is not a substitute for that evidence, and this library does not present it as one.
The honest gapPublished work is limited and rarely uses the pulp as the tradition prepares it.

Safety

The gentlest purgative in this library, and the one the texts allow for children and the frail. It is still a purgative: prolonged use can cause fluid and salt loss and the bowel can come to rely on it, which is documented for all anthraquinone laxatives. It is not for undiagnosed abdominal pain. Anyone on medication, pregnant, or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

Side effectsAbdominal cramping
Loose stool
Wind
ContraindicationsIntestinal obstruction, appendicitis or undiagnosed abdominal pain.
Inflammatory bowel disease.
InteractionsMedicines for the heart, particularly digoxin — potassium loss from repeated purgation raises the risk.
Diuretic medicines — salt loss adds together.
Any medicine taken by mouth — absorption is reduced.
Pregnancy and breastfeedingTraditionally considered the purgative that may be used in pregnancy where one is needed, but that is a decision for a qualified practitioner and not one to take alone.

Growing it

ClimateTropical and subtropical; drought-hardy once established.
SoilWide range, well-drained.
PlantingA tree, raised from seed. Widely planted as an ornamental.
HarvestPods are collected when they turn dark and the pulp inside has set, then the pulp is scraped out.
What is not statedThis library has not verified region-specific spacing, variety and yield figures against a named agricultural authority for every growing country, and does not state them rather than guessing.

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What this is not

Sources

GBIF Backbone Taxonomy species-match record for Cassia fistula L.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) · read 2026-09-28
Confirming live, rather than from memory, the accepted botanical name and family behind the Sanskrit name.
https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Cassia%20fistula
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India — Aragvadha (Cassia fistula L.)
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-28
The official Indian pharmacopoeial standing of the dravya and the identity of the part used as the pharmacopoeial article.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
Compendium of Monographs — Natural Health Products
Health Canada, Natural and Non-prescription Health Products Directorate · read 2026-09-28
A regulator outside India that publishes monographs covering Ayurvedic ingredients — used for the safety framing, and for the line between a permitted traditional-use claim and clinical evidence.
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/natural-non-prescription/applications-submissions/product-licensing/compendium-monographs.html
Classical matra by dose form
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda
The classical quantity for each dose form, as the standard reference gives it. Sharangadhara is where Ayurveda's dose forms and their measures are set out, and it is what every Dravyaguna textbook reproduces.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esharangadhara/
← all dravya