LAISHA · DRAVYAGUNA

Bala

बला

Sida cordifolia L.

Malvaceae · Sida

Benefits & side effects

TRADITIONAL VIEW, WITH SAFETY LIMITS

Hindi name: Khareti

What the texts say Bala does

What the evidence says. Traditional use is extensive and long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.

Side effects and limits

Avoid or ask first: Heart disease, irregular heartbeat, or high blood pressure.; Overactive thyroid.; Glaucoma.; and more below.

A traditional classification, not a recommendation. The full safety record is below.

Stands in 2 groups

A Samhita can only be read forwards, from the group to its members. This is the same list read backwards.

Photographs

Matra and anupana

AS THE CLASSICAL TEXTS AND THE API PRESCRIBE

Churna3–6 g
Kwatha50–100 ml
AnupanaDugdha · Ghrita
KalaAdhobhakta

The classical balya. Ephedrine-type alkaloids are present, which is why the FDA acted on it in 2004.

Reported from Sharangadhara Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Laisha states what the texts prescribe; it does not recommend. No quantity here is adjusted for a particular person — not for agni, koshtha, bala, age, pregnancy, kidney or liver function, or anything already being taken.

Rasapanchaka

Rasa
Madhura
Guna
GuruSnigdhaPicchila
ViryaSheeta
VipakaMadhura
PrabhavaThe texts treat bala as the chief balya and brimhana dravya and name it first where the body is wasted or strength is lost.
DoshakarmaVatapittahara. Being guru and snigdha it can increase kapha.

A single rasa, madhura, with sheeta virya and madhura vipaka — as clean a balya profile as the materia medica has.

Karma and part used

BalyaBrimhanaVataharaRasayanaVrishyaShukrala

These are the actions the classical texts record. They are statements about what the tradition holds, and this library does not restate them as findings about a human body.

Upayukta angaMula (the root)
Panchanga
Beeja (the seed)
Why it mattersThe root is the dravya of the texts. The seed is used separately and is described as vrishya.

Paryaya

VatyalakaVatyaBhadrabalaKharayashtikaOdanahvaya

Bala means strength, and the name is the indication: the texts use it where strength is lost. The group names — Atibala, greater strength; Mahabala, great strength — build on the same word.

Names, by language

EnglishCountry mallow
SinhalaBevila
NepaliBalu
HindiKhareti
KannadaKisangi
TamilKurunthotti
TeluguChiribenda
MalayalamKurunthotti
MarathiChikana
GujaratiBala
BengaliBerela
PunjabiKharenti
OdiaBajramuli
UrduBariyara

Classical references

Charaka Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 4 (Shadvirechanashatashritiya)
Bala is named among the dravya of the chapter and grouped with those that build the body.
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu
Guduchyadi Varga
Gives the rasa, guna, virya and vipaka of bala and names the four of the group.
Sushruta Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 38 (Dravyasangrahaniya)
Included among the dravya grouped by action.

Rasa, guna, virya, vipaka and karma are recorded as the classical texts give them, with the text and section named so a student can open the book and check. Where an exact chapter and verse could not be confirmed, this library names the section rather than inventing a number.

Formulations it appears in

BalarishtaA fermented preparation named for the dravya.
Bala TailaAn oil named for the dravya.
Ksheerabala TailaBala is the principal dravya.
Dhanwantharam TailaAmong the principal dravya.

Adulterants and substitutes

The four of the Bala group are substituted for one another, which the texts themselves half-permit since they are named as a group. Sida acuta, Sida rhombifolia and Abutilon indicum are all collected and traded under these names, and once the roots are dried and cut they are difficult to separate. Because ephedrine content differs between species, this is a substitution with a safety consequence and not only a pharmacological one.

Identity

Matched live against the GBIF backbone on 28 September 2026 at 99 per cent confidence. The texts describe a group of four — Bala, Atibala, Nagabala and Mahabala — which are different species and are examined together. This plant contains ephedrine, and that is the most consequential thing in the entry.

A WAY TO REMEMBER IT

Sida is an old Greek plant name. Cordifolia is heart-leaved: cor, cordis (heart) + folium (leaf). Bala means strength.

What the tradition holds

Bala is described in the Bhavaprakasha Nighantu and is recorded throughout the classical literature as balya and brimhana. That is what the tradition holds and where it is written down, not a finding about what the root does in a body.

Constituents. The plant carries ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, along with other alkaloids. Ephedrine is a regulated stimulant and its presence here is the reason for the warning below.

What the evidence says

StatusTraditional use is extensive and long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.
SuggestedHealth Canada publishes monographs covering Ayurvedic ingredients and permits specific traditional-use claims, which reflects a regulator accepting a documented tradition rather than a body of clinical trial evidence.
Not establishedThere is not enough good clinical evidence to establish an effect on any named health condition. Long traditional use is not a substitute for that evidence, and this library does not present it as one.
The honest gapPublished work rarely reports the ephedrine content of the material used, and that is the one number that would matter most.

Safety

This is a traditional strengthening herb that contains a stimulant drug. Sida cordifolia carries ephedrine, which raises heart rate and blood pressure, and ephedra alkaloids in weight-loss and performance products were banned by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2004 after reports of heart attack, stroke and death. Sida cordifolia is specifically named in that context. That does not make traditional use of the root in an oil dangerous, but it does mean this is not a herb for anyone with heart disease or high blood pressure, and not one to take as a stimulant or for weight loss. Anyone on medication, pregnant, or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

Side effectsRaised heart rate
Restlessness and difficulty sleeping
Raised blood pressure
ContraindicationsHeart disease, irregular heartbeat, or high blood pressure.
Overactive thyroid.
Glaucoma.
Anxiety disorders.
Use as a stimulant or for weight loss, in any quantity.
InteractionsMedicines for blood pressure — this is the important one, since ephedrine opposes them.
Medicines for the heart rhythm — caution is essential.
MAO inhibitors — caution is essential.
Caffeine and other stimulants — the effects add together.
Medicines for asthma containing similar compounds — the effects add together.
Pregnancy and breastfeedingNot to be used in pregnancy or breastfeeding.
It contains ephedrineSida cordifolia carries ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Ephedra alkaloids in dietary supplements were banned by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2004 following reports of heart attack, stroke and death, and Sida cordifolia is named as a source. This is the reason the contraindications below are firm rather than cautious.

Growing it

ClimateTropical and subtropical; a weed of roadsides and waste ground.
SoilPoor, dry, well-drained ground.
PlantingSelf-sows freely from seed.
HarvestRoots are lifted from plants of a year or more, washed and dried.
What is not statedThis library has not verified region-specific spacing, variety and yield figures against a named agricultural authority for every growing country, and does not state them rather than guessing.

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What this is not

Sources

GBIF Backbone Taxonomy species-match record for Sida cordifolia L.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) · read 2026-09-28
Confirming live, rather than from memory, the accepted botanical name and family behind the Sanskrit name.
https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Sida%20cordifolia
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India — Bala (Sida cordifolia L.)
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-28
The official Indian pharmacopoeial standing of the dravya and the identity of the part used as the pharmacopoeial article.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
Compendium of Monographs — Natural Health Products
Health Canada, Natural and Non-prescription Health Products Directorate · read 2026-09-28
A regulator outside India that publishes monographs covering Ayurvedic ingredients — used for the safety framing, and for the line between a permitted traditional-use claim and clinical evidence.
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/natural-non-prescription/applications-submissions/product-licensing/compendium-monographs.html
Classical matra by dose form
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda
The classical quantity for each dose form, as the standard reference gives it. Sharangadhara is where Ayurveda's dose forms and their measures are set out, and it is what every Dravyaguna textbook reproduces.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esharangadhara/
← all dravya