LAISHA · DRAVYAGUNA

Dhataki

धातकी

Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz

Lythraceae · Woodfordia

Benefits & side effects

TRADITIONAL VIEW, WITH SAFETY LIMITS

Hindi name: Dhai phool

What the texts say Dhataki does

What the evidence says. Traditional use is long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.

Side effects and limits

A flower in very long and very wide use, including as the fermenting agent in preparations taken over months. No significant toxicity is recorded. Anyone pregnant, on medication or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

Avoid or ask first: No absolute contraindication is documented here. This is written deliberately rather than left blank.

A traditional classification, not a recommendation. The full safety record is below.

Stands in 7 groups

A Samhita can only be read forwards, from the group to its members. This is the same list read backwards.

Photographs

Matra and anupana

AS THE CLASSICAL TEXTS AND THE API PRESCRIBE

Churna1–3 g
AnupanaUshnodaka · Takra
KalaAdhobhakta

As a grahi drug. As a fermenting agent the quantity is set by the Sandhana Kalpana method, not by a clinical matra.

Reported from Sharangadhara Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Laisha states what the texts prescribe; it does not recommend. No quantity here is adjusted for a particular person — not for agni, koshtha, bala, age, pregnancy, kidney or liver function, or anything already being taken.

Pharmacopoeial standard

Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I

MarkerIdentity precedes any assay
Assay
Total ash
Acid-insoluble ash
Alcohol-soluble extractive
Water-soluble extractive
Foreign matter

Woodfordia fruticosa flower. The article is unambiguous botanically; the failure is age, because the wild yeast it is bought for dies in storage.

These are the marker and the identity test for this dravya, and they are not a test Laisha has run on anything. Laisha does not state the numeric limits here: the assay, ash and extractive figures must be read from the current edition of the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, because a wrong limit printed here is a number a laboratory would act on. The entries in this library that DO carry figures carry them because each one was checked.

Rasapanchaka

Rasa
KashayaTikta
Guna
LaghuRuksha
ViryaSheeta
VipakaKatu
PrabhavaIts real prabhava is pharmaceutical rather than clinical: the flower carries the wild yeast that ferments every classical asava and arishta, and Sharangadhara specifies it for that purpose.
DoshakarmaKaphapittahara.

Kashaya and tikta with sheeta virya and katu vipaka — a cooling astringent, which is what makes it both a grahi drug and a safe fermenting agent.

Karma and part used

GrahiRaktastambhanaVrana ropanaJwaraghnaSandhaniya

These are the actions the classical texts record. They are statements about what the tradition holds, and this library does not restate them as findings about a human body.

Upayukta angaPushpa (the dried flower)
Why it mattersThe dried flower, and nothing else. It is the standard source of wild yeast for every asava and arishta, which is why it is the most quietly important dravya in a pharmacy.

Paryaya

DhatupushpiTamrapushpiBahupushpiKunjaraVahnijwala

Tamrapushpi, copper-flowered, is the recognition character: the dried flower is a deep brick red.

Names, by language

EnglishFire flame bush
HindiDhai phool
KannadaTamrapushpi
TamilVelakkai
TeluguAare puvvu
MalayalamThathiri
MarathiDhayati
GujaratiDhavdi
BengaliDhaiphul
OdiaDhatuki
UrduDhawa

Classical references

Charaka Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 4 (Shadvirechanashatashritiya)
Named among the Sandhaniya, the Purishasangrahaniya, the Mutrasangrahaniya, the Mutravirajaniya and the Trishnanigrahana mahakashaya.
Sushruta Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 38 (Dravyasangrahaniya)
Named in the Priyangvadi and Ambashthadi ganas.
Sharangadhara Samhita
Madhyama Khanda, the chapter on Sandhana Kalpana
Specifies Dhataki as the fermenting agent for asava and arishta preparations.

Formulations it appears in

AshokarishtaThe fermenting agent, and an active dravya.
DashamularishtaThe fermenting agent.
KutajarishtaThe fermenting agent.
Pushyanuga ChurnaAn ingredient.

Adulterants and substitutes

The flowers of Grislea tomentosa are the same plant under an old name rather than an adulterant. The real problem is age: the wild yeast the flower carries dies with storage, so an old sample looks correct, passes every identity test, and simply will not ferment. That is a failure no pharmacopoeial standard for identity would catch.

Identity

Woodfordia fruticosa is unambiguous and has no serious botanical rival in the market, which is unusual for a dravya this heavily traded.

A WAY TO REMEMBER IT

Woodfordia honours E. J. A. Woodford. Fruticosa means shrubby. The flower is what turns a decoction into an arishta without a brewer, and every pharmacy runs on it.

What the tradition holds

Dhataki is named in five of Charaka's mahakashaya and is specified by Sharangadhara as the fermenting agent of the asava and arishta preparations. That is what the tradition records and where it is set down.

What the evidence says

StatusTraditional use is long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.
SuggestedThe dravya holds a pharmacopoeial monograph in India, which records an accepted identity and quality standard for the article. That is a standard for the material, not evidence of an effect in a body.
Not establishedThere is not enough good clinical evidence to establish an effect on any named health condition. Long traditional use is not a substitute for that evidence, and this library does not present it as one.
The honest gapPublished work on this dravya rarely records the origin or the standard of the material tested, so results cannot be attributed to a defined article.

Safety

A flower in very long and very wide use, including as the fermenting agent in preparations taken over months. No significant toxicity is recorded. Anyone pregnant, on medication or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

ContraindicationsNo absolute contraindication is documented here. This is written deliberately rather than left blank.
InteractionsNo specific drug interaction is documented for this dravya. That is the honest state of the evidence, not a statement that none exists — most Ayurvedic dravya have never been studied for interaction with modern medicines at all.
Pregnancy and breastfeedingDhataki is an ingredient of Ashokarishta, which is used in classical obstetric and gynaecological practice, and no specific harm is documented. Formal safety in pregnancy has not been established.

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What this is not

Sources

GBIF Backbone Taxonomy species-match record for Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) · read 2026-09-29
The accepted botanical name and family standing behind the Sanskrit name.
https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Woodfordia%20fruticosa
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-29
The official Indian pharmacopoeial standing of the dravya and which part is the pharmacopoeial article.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu · read 2026-09-29
The rasa, guna, virya and vipaka as the nighantu gives them.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ebnighantu/
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda — the matra of the kalpanas
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda · read 2026-09-29
The classical quantity for each preparation, cited to where the number comes from.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esharangadhara/
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I - monograph for this dravya
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-29
The pharmacopoeial identity of the article and the marker used to establish it.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
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