LAISHA · DRAVYAGUNA

Girisindura

गिरिसिन्दूर

Given as a naturally occurring red mercury compound, usually read as mercuric oxide, HgO, and distinguished in the texts from Hingula, which is the sulphide. Some authorities read Girisindura as a prepared rather than a natural article.

Parthiva · mineral origin · Sadharana Rasa

SHODHANA — NO MINERAL DRAVYA IS USED RAW

Bhavana with the juice of ardraka, nirgundi or kumari, repeatedly, by the standard method for the mercury minerals. The shodhana does not remove the mercury and the texts do not claim it does.

Benefits & side effects

TRADITIONAL VIEW, WITH SAFETY LIMITS

Hindi name: Giri sindoor

What the texts say Girisindura does

What the evidence says. Traditional use is documented in the Rasashastra texts. Modern evidence about this dravya is largely toxicological rather than therapeutic.

Side effects and limits

This is a mercury compound. Mercuric oxide is substantially more soluble and more acutely toxic than mercuric sulphide, which is what Hingula is - so Girisindura is the more dangerous of the two and the texts treat it as a specialist article. Mercury poisoning from Ayurvedic preparations is documented by regulators outside India, including the CDC. Anyone pregnant, on medication or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

Avoid or ask first: Absolutely not used in the raw, unprocessed state.; Not used where there is kidney disease.; Not used at all outside specialist Rasashastra practice.

A traditional classification, not a recommendation. The full safety record is below.

Matra and anupana

AS THE CLASSICAL TEXTS AND THE API PRESCRIBE

Shuddha churna15–30 mg, within a yoga, specialist use only
AnupanaMadhu
KalaAs the yoga directs

A quantity for the processed article inside a compound preparation, prescribed by a practitioner trained in Rasashastra. Never the raw mineral.

Reported from Sharangadhara Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Laisha states what the texts prescribe; it does not recommend. No quantity here is adjusted for a particular person — not for agni, koshtha, bala, age, pregnancy, kidney or liver function, or anything already being taken.

Rasapanchaka

Rasa
KatuTiktaKashaya
Guna
LaghuTikshna
ViryaUshna
VipakaKatu
PrabhavaNamed in the texts as a rasayana and for kushtha, in the same register as the other mercury preparations.
DoshakarmaKaphavatahara.

Katu, tikta and kashaya with ushna virya and katu vipaka.

Karma and part used

RasayanaKushthaghnaKrimighnaVrishya

These are the actions the classical texts record. They are statements about what the tradition holds, and this library does not restate them as findings about a human body.

Upayukta angaShuddha girisindura, and only within a yoga
Why it mattersThe processed article, never the raw mineral. A lot received raw is a different material from the one the formula names.

Paryaya

GirijaRasasindura bhedaParvatiya sindura

Girisindura is a natural mineral; Rasasindura is a prepared mercury-sulphur compound made in the laboratory. The names are close and the articles are not the same.

Names, by language

EnglishRed mercuric oxide
HindiGiri sindoor
KannadaGirisindura
TamilGiri sindoor
TeluguGiri sindoor
MalayalamGiri sindoor
MarathiGiri sindoor
GujaratiGiri sindoor
BengaliGiri sindoor
OdiaGiri sindoor
UrduGiri sindoor

Classical references

Rasa Ratna Samuccaya
Chapter 3 (Uparasa Varga) and Chapter 4 (Sadharana Rasa Varga)
Girisindura is among the sadharana rasa and is distinguished there from Hingula.
Rasa Hridaya Tantra
The chapters on the rasa dravya
Gives the bhavana shodhana used for the mercury minerals.
Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India
Part I, mineral and metallic preparations
Does not carry a separate monograph for Girisindura.

Formulations it appears in

Classical rasayana yogasNamed in some recensions in place of Rasasindura.

Adulterants and substitutes

Red lead (sindura, lead tetroxide) is sold as Girisindura and the two names are close enough that the substitution is often not deliberate. That is a serious error: one is a mercury compound and the other is lead, and both are poisons of quite different kinds. A red powder sold under either name should be assayed and not assumed.

Identity

Given as a naturally occurring red mercury compound, usually read as mercuric oxide, HgO, and distinguished in the texts from Hingula, which is the sulphide. Some authorities read Girisindura as a prepared rather than a natural article.

A WAY TO REMEMBER IT

Giri is a mountain and sindura is vermilion - the red earth of the hills. The same word sindura names red lead, which is precisely why the two get confused in the market.

What the tradition holds

Girisindura is listed among the sadharana rasa of the Rasa Ratna Samuccaya and distinguished there from Hingula. That is what the tradition records.

Constituents. Given as a naturally occurring red mercury compound, usually read as mercuric oxide, HgO, and distinguished in the texts from Hingula, which is the sulphide. Some authorities read Girisindura as a prepared rather than a natural article.

What the evidence says

StatusTraditional use is documented in the Rasashastra texts. Modern evidence about this dravya is largely toxicological rather than therapeutic.
SuggestedThe dravya has a defined place and a defined shodhana in the classical Rasashastra literature, and the processed form has a pharmacopoeial standing in India. That is a standard for the material, not evidence of an effect in a body.
Not establishedThere is not enough good clinical evidence to establish an effect on any named health condition. Long traditional use is not a substitute for that evidence, and this library does not present it as one.
The honest gapPublished analyses of preparations containing this dravya rarely record whether shodhana was performed or how, so a result cannot be attributed to the processed article rather than the raw mineral.

Safety

This is a mercury compound. Mercuric oxide is substantially more soluble and more acutely toxic than mercuric sulphide, which is what Hingula is - so Girisindura is the more dangerous of the two and the texts treat it as a specialist article. Mercury poisoning from Ayurvedic preparations is documented by regulators outside India, including the CDC. Anyone pregnant, on medication or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

ContraindicationsAbsolutely not used in the raw, unprocessed state.
Not used where there is kidney disease.
Not used at all outside specialist Rasashastra practice.
InteractionsNo specific drug interaction is documented for this dravya. That is the honest state of the evidence, not a statement that none exists - the mineral dravya have almost never been studied for interaction with modern medicines.
Pregnancy and breastfeedingNot used in pregnancy. Mercury crosses the placenta and is a known developmental neurotoxin; no quantity has been established as safe.

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What this is not

Sources

Rasa Ratna Samuccaya - the classification of the rasa dravya and their shodhana
National Institute of Indian Medical Heritage · read 2026-09-29
The classical grouping of the dravya among the maharasa, uparasa, sadharana rasa or loha, and the shodhana it prescribes.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I - mineral and metallic preparations
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-29
The official Indian pharmacopoeial standing of the dravya and the processed form that is the pharmacopoeial article.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda - the matra of the kalpanas
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda · read 2026-09-29
The classical quantity for each preparation, cited to where the number comes from.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esharangadhara/
Lead, mercury and arsenic in Ayurvedic medicines
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) · read 2026-09-29
Documented heavy-metal poisoning traced to Ayurvedic preparations, from a body outside India.
https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/
Toxicological profiles for the heavy metals
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) · read 2026-09-29
The toxicology of the element itself, independent of any tradition's account of it.
https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiledocs/
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