Brazil · IBAMA and ICMBio, with contracted examining boards · civil-service · unverified source
Written objective and discursive tests under each competition notice (edital); held irregularly.
Brazilian graduates in Engenharia Ambiental or Gestão Ambiental register with CREA (CONFEA system) to practise; that registration has no exam. Built from general knowledge.
Official source: https://www.gov.br/ibama/
Original questions written to this exam's published syllabus and pattern. Not past papers.
1. For mapping forest structure under a persistently cloudy tropical sky, which radar band penetrates furthest into the canopy?
B. P band, about 70 cm
Penetration into vegetation increases with wavelength: P (about 70 cm) > L (about 23 cm) > C > X > Ku. Short bands interact mostly with leaves and small twigs at the top of the canopy.
Remote Sensing & GIS for Environmental Monitoring · Sensors and platforms: optical, thermal, radar, LiDAR, UAV
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