LAISHA · DRAVYAGUNA

Amlavetasa

अम्लवेतस

Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.

Clusiaceae · Garcinia

Benefits & side effects

TRADITIONAL VIEW, WITH SAFETY LIMITS

What the texts say Amlavetasa does

What the evidence says. Traditional use is long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.

Side effects and limits

Avoid or ask first: Not used where there is a marked pitta state or active acid symptoms, on the classical reasoning that it is amla and ushna.

A traditional classification, not a recommendation. The full safety record is below.

Stands in 5 groups

A Samhita can only be read forwards, from the group to its members. This is the same list read backwards.

Photographs

Matra and anupana

AS THE CLASSICAL TEXTS AND THE API PRESCRIBE

Churna1–3 g
AnupanaUshnodaka
KalaAdhobhakta

Small quantity; classically used within compound preparations.

Reported from Sharangadhara Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Laisha states what the texts prescribe; it does not recommend. No quantity here is adjusted for a particular person — not for agni, koshtha, bala, age, pregnancy, kidney or liver function, or anything already being taken.

Rasapanchaka

Rasa
Amla
Guna
LaghuRuksha
ViryaUshna
VipakaAmla
PrabhavaThe standard sour dravya of the digestive and hiccough groups; Charaka names it in four mahakashaya.
DoshakarmaKaphavatahara. Increases pitta.

Amla with ushna virya and amla vipaka — one of the few dravya where the rasa and the vipaka are both amla, which is why it heads the sour group.

Karma and part used

DeepanaPachanaHikkanigrahanaChhardighnaHridya

These are the actions the classical texts record. They are statements about what the tradition holds, and this library does not restate them as findings about a human body.

Upayukta angaPhala (the dried fruit)
Why it mattersThe dried fruit where Garcinia is meant; the stem where Rheum is meant. The part changes with the identification, which is the practical measure of how unsettled it is.

Paryaya

ShatavedhiChukraAmlavriksha

Names, by language

EnglishSour mangosteen
HindiAmlavetas
KannadaAmlavetasa
TamilAmilavedasam
TeluguAmlavetasamu
MalayalamAmlavetasam
MarathiAmlavetas
GujaratiAmlavetas
BengaliThaikal
OdiaAmlabeta
UrduAmlbed

Classical references

Charaka Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 4 (Shadvirechanashatashritiya)
Named among the Deepaniya, the Hikkanigrahana, the Shwasahara, the Purishavirajaniya and the Mutrasangrahaniya mahakashaya.
Sushruta Samhita
Sutrasthana, chapter 38 (Dravyasangrahaniya)
Named among the sour dravya.
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu
Amradi Varga
Gives the rasa, guna, virya and vipaka.

Formulations it appears in

Hingvashtaka ChurnaNamed in some recensions of the formula.
Chitrakadi VatiAn ingredient.

Adulterants and substitutes

Garcinia pedunculata, Garcinia morella, Rheum australe and even tamarind are all supplied as Amlavetasa. This is an unsettled identification rather than a simple adulteration, and the practitioner must know which plant is meant because a fruit and a rhubarb stem are not substitutable.

Identity

Amlavetasa is a contested identity. Garcinia pedunculata is the article accepted in much of modern practice; Rheum australe, the Himalayan rhubarb, is the older identification and the one that fits the classical description of a sour stem from the hills. Both are in current use under this name.

A WAY TO REMEMBER IT

Garcinia honours Laurent Garcin. Pedunculata, for the long-stalked fruit. Amlavetasa means the sour cane, which describes a rhubarb stem far better than it describes a fruit — and that is the whole argument about its identity, sitting inside the name.

What the tradition holds

Amlavetasa is named in five of Charaka's mahakashaya, consistently among the deepana and the hiccough groups. Which plant the texts meant is the part that is no longer settled.

What the evidence says

StatusTraditional use is long recorded. Modern clinical evidence is limited.
SuggestedThe dravya holds a pharmacopoeial monograph in India, which records an accepted identity and quality standard for the article. That is a standard for the material, not evidence of an effect in a body.
Not establishedThere is not enough good clinical evidence to establish an effect on any named health condition. Long traditional use is not a substitute for that evidence, and this library does not present it as one.
The honest gapPublished work on this dravya rarely records the origin or the standard of the material tested, so results cannot be attributed to a defined article.

Safety

A sour, warming dravya that increases pitta, used in small quantity. The larger caution is identity: at least three different plants are sold under this name and one of them, Rheum, contains anthraquinones and behaves quite differently in the gut from a Garcinia fruit. Anyone pregnant, on medication or managing a diagnosed condition should speak to a doctor or a qualified practitioner first.

Side effectsAggravation of pitta
Acidity with prolonged use
ContraindicationsNot used where there is a marked pitta state or active acid symptoms, on the classical reasoning that it is amla and ushna.
InteractionsNo specific drug interaction is documented for this dravya. That is the honest state of the evidence, not a statement that none exists — most Ayurvedic dravya have never been studied for interaction with modern medicines at all.
Pregnancy and breastfeedingSafety in pregnancy has not been established, and cannot be assessed cleanly while the botanical source is unsettled.

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What this is not

Sources

GBIF Backbone Taxonomy species-match record for Garcinia pedunculata Roxb.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) · read 2026-09-29
The accepted botanical name and family standing behind the Sanskrit name.
https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Garcinia%20pedunculata%20Roxb.
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I
Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India · read 2026-09-29
The official Indian pharmacopoeial standing of the dravya and which part is the pharmacopoeial article.
https://pcimh.gov.in/
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu
Bhavaprakasha Nighantu · read 2026-09-29
The rasa, guna, virya and vipaka as the nighantu gives them.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/ebnighantu/
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda — the matra of the kalpanas
Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda · read 2026-09-29
The classical quantity for each preparation, cited to where the number comes from.
https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/esharangadhara/
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