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RCVS Statutory Membership Examination Milk & Meat Hygiene, Food Safety & Public Health: practice questions

RCVS Statutory Membership Examination (SME) · UK · Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons

Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papers
10worked here, free
52written to this exam in this subject
10syllabus units

What this subject covers

Keeping food of animal origin safe: milk and meat hygiene, ante- and post-mortem inspection, food-borne disease, HACCP, residues and MRLs, and food law.

In the exams: ICAR AICE-JRF core group 06; ICAR AIEEA-PG 13 (VPH & Epidemiology); EGEL Plus food safety 15 and food quality 11; SAVC Paper 3 VPH 30; RCVS SME production animal domain includes VPH

What RCVS Statutory Membership Examination asks from it

RCVS Statutory Membership Examination (production animal domain including VPH)

Applied cases: SCC and bulk milk bacteriology, official controls and meat inspection in the UK and EU, welfare at slaughter, residues and cascade withdrawal periods, zoonoses at the slaughterhouse.

Where the 52 questions fall

How our questions for RCVS Statutory Membership Examination spread across the units of Milk & Meat Hygiene, Food Safety & Public Health. Difficulty: 6 easy, 31 medium, 15 hard.

Post-mortem inspection and judgement of carcasses10
Milk hygiene9
Residues and maximum residue limits5
Public health microbiology5
HACCP5
Ante-mortem inspection5
Food-borne infections5
Milk-borne zoonoses3
Food-borne intoxications3
Food safety standards and legislation: Codex and national regulators2

10 practice questions, worked

Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.

1 · Milk hygiene · hard

Under the EU rule that raw cow milk must not exceed 400,000 somatic cells/mL as a rolling geometric mean over three months, a farm's monthly results are 250,000, 300,000 and 700,000 cells/mL. What is the assessed value and is the farm compliant?

  1. About 417,000 cells/mL; not compliant
  2. About 374,000 cells/mL; compliant
  3. 700,000 cells/mL; not compliant because one result exceeds the limit
  4. 300,000 cells/mL; compliant
Answer and working

B. About 374,000 cells/mL; compliant

Geometric mean = cube root of (250,000 x 300,000 x 700,000) = 374,444 cells/mL, below 400,000, so compliant. The arithmetic mean (416,667) is the common error and would wrongly fail the farm; the rule is a geometric mean, which damps a single high month. A single result above the limit does not by itself breach a rolling-mean rule, and 300,000 is the median, which the rule does not use.

Further reading: Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, Annex III Section IX

2 · HACCP · easy

A HACCP team scores hazards by likelihood (1 to 5) x severity (1 to 5) and treats a product of 8 or more as significant. Listeria recontamination at filling scores likelihood 3 and severity 4. What is the result?

  1. Score 7: not significant
  2. Score 12: significant, so a control measure must be identified
  3. Score 12: significant, so it is automatically a CCP
  4. Score 4: severity alone decides
Answer and working

B. Score 12: significant, so a control measure must be identified

3 x 4 = 12, above 8, so the hazard is significant and needs a control measure. Adding scores gives 7, which misapplies the matrix. A significant hazard is not automatically a CCP: the decision tree decides where it is controlled.

3 · Milk hygiene · medium

A dairy's bulk milk has a high laboratory pasteurised (thermoduric) count but a normal somatic cell count. Which is the most likely cause?

  1. Dirty milking equipment
  2. Contagious mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae
  3. Slow cooling of the milk
  4. Adulteration with added water
Answer and working

A. Dirty milking equipment

Thermoduric bacteria survive pasteurisation and build up in milk residues on poorly cleaned equipment. Mastitis would raise the SCC; slow cooling raises psychrotrophs rather than thermodurics; added water lowers solids, not bacterial type.

4 · Milk hygiene · medium

Why are wet teats undesirable when the milking cluster is attached?

  1. Water dilutes the milk and lowers its fat and solids-not-fat content below standard
  2. Dirty water runs down into the liners and carries bacteria and spores into the milk
  3. Water activates the lactoperoxidase system
  4. Water blocks the release of oxytocin
Answer and working

B. Dirty water runs down into the liners and carries bacteria and spores into the milk

Drying teats with an individual towel stops contaminated water, rich in coliforms and spores, from entering the milk and the teat end. The dilution effect is negligible; water has no effect on oxytocin.

5 · Ante-mortem inspection · hard

Food chain information shows that a batch of pigs was treated with an antimicrobial and the withdrawal period ends in three days. The pigs are healthy. What should the official veterinarian do?

  1. Pass them for slaughter because they are healthy
  2. Detain or return the pigs until the withdrawal period ends
  3. Condemn them at ante-mortem
  4. Slaughter them and freeze the carcasses until the withdrawal period ends
Answer and working

B. Detain or return the pigs until the withdrawal period ends

Animals within a withdrawal period must not enter the food chain; delaying slaughter is the correct option. Clinical health does not remove residues, and freezing does not destroy them.

6 · Post-mortem inspection and judgement of carcasses · medium

A carcass from a pig with multiple abscesses in the lungs, liver, kidneys and carcass lymph nodes should be:

  1. Passed after trimming the abscesses
  2. Passed after heat treatment
  3. Passed if the abscesses are encapsulated
  4. Totally condemned as pyaemia
Answer and working

D. Totally condemned as pyaemia

Multiple abscesses in several organs and carcass nodes mean blood-borne spread (pyaemia), a generalised condition. Trimming is only for a single localised abscess.

7 · Public health microbiology · medium

ATP bioluminescence swabs are used in food plants mainly to:

  1. Identify Listeria species
  2. Check quickly whether surfaces are clean after sanitation
  3. Count viable bacteria exactly
  4. Detect antibiotic residues
Answer and working

B. Check quickly whether surfaces are clean after sanitation

ATP detects organic residue, microbial or food, giving a rapid cleanliness check. It does not identify organisms or count them.

8 · Public health microbiology · hard

Which pathogen poses a special risk in chilled ready-to-eat meat products with a long shelf life?

  1. Listeria monocytogenes
  2. Campylobacter jejuni and coli
  3. Salmonella enterica Enteritidis
  4. Clostridium perfringens
Answer and working

A. Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria grows at refrigeration temperature and contaminates products after cooking. Campylobacter does not grow in the cold, and C. perfringens needs warm temperatures.

9 · Post-mortem inspection and judgement of carcasses · medium

During cattle dressing, why are the oesophagus tied and the rectum bagged before evisceration?

  1. To make the carcass heavier
  2. To help bleeding
  3. To prevent rumen and faecal contents leaking onto the carcass
  4. To make post-mortem inspection of the lungs and heart quicker and easier
Answer and working

C. To prevent rumen and faecal contents leaking onto the carcass

Rodding the weasand and bunging prevent gut contents contaminating the carcass, the main source of STEC and Salmonella on beef.

10 · Post-mortem inspection and judgement of carcasses · hard

Visible faecal contamination is found on a beef carcass after hide removal. What is the correct action?

  1. Wash it off with a high-pressure hose
  2. Trim the contaminated area with a clean knife
  3. Leave it for the chiller to dry
  4. Spray it with water and pass
Answer and working

B. Trim the contaminated area with a clean knife

Washing spreads bacteria over a wider area; trimming removes them. Approved decontamination steps can supplement but not replace trimming.

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Read the subject

Milk & Meat Hygiene, Food Safety & Public HealthThe full study manual, free RCVS Statutory Membership ExaminationFormat, sections and how it has changed

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