Agricultural and Biosystems Engineers Licensure Examination (ABELE) · Philippines · Professional Regulatory Board of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, PRC
Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papersHow farm machines are made: joining, casting, machining, heat treatment and measurement, up to building a prototype.
In the exams: ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF subject 39 (FMPE) Unit 7 Manufacturing Technology; ASRB NET Farm Machinery & Power; machinery fabrication in PRC ABE
Agricultural and Biosystems Engineers Licensure Examination (ABELE)
Machinery fabrication within the power, energy and machinery subject: materials and their designations, welding and joint strength, machine-shop calculations, sheet-metal development and fabrication practice, solved with a non-programmable calculator.
How our questions for Agricultural and Biosystems Engineers Licensure Examination spread across the units of Workshop Technology & Manufacturing. Difficulty: 36 easy, 31 medium, 7 hard.
| Lathe operations | 9 | |
| Casting processes | 8 | |
| Drilling, milling and shaping | 8 | |
| Specification of engineering materials | 8 | |
| Fitting, carpentry and smithy | 7 | |
| Arc and gas welding | 7 | |
| Metrology and measurement in the workshop | 7 | |
| Press working of sheet metal | 5 | |
| Jigs, fixtures and gauges | 4 | |
| Heat treatment of steels | 4 | |
| Prototype fabrication | 4 | |
| MIG and TIG welding and testing of welded joints | 3 |
Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.
Which oxy-acetylene flame is normally used for welding or braze welding brass?
D. Oxidising flame
Brass contains zinc, which boils off and causes porosity; a slightly oxidising flame forms an oxide film that limits zinc fuming. A neutral flame suits steel. Carburising and reducing flames (the same thing, with excess acetylene) would worsen zinc loss.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
Why is the sprue of a gating system tapered, with its narrow end at the bottom?
C. The falling stream speeds up, so a narrowing sprue keeps it full and stops air being drawn in
Velocity rises as √(2gh) down the sprue; by continuity the area must fall or the stream separates from the walls, creating low pressure that aspirates air and sand. Choking the flow rate is done by the gating ratio, not by slowing in the sprue; draft and shrinkage are not the reason.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
Which moulding-sand property allows steam and gases to escape from the mould when hot metal is poured?
D. Permeability
Permeability is the ability of the sand mass to pass gas; low permeability causes blowholes. Refractoriness resists high temperature, collapsibility lets the casting contract and the sand be knocked out, and green strength holds the moist mould together.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
A 50 mm diameter shaft is turned at 300 rev/min. What is the cutting speed?
C. 47.1 m/min
V = πDN/1000 = π × 50 × 300 / 1000 = 47.1 m/min. 15.0 omits π; 4712 takes the diameter in centimetres and leaves out the conversion to metres (π × 5 × 300; dropping the 1000 alone would give 47 124); 94.2 uses the diameter as a radius in 2πr.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
On a centre lathe, why is the lead screw kept for thread cutting and not used for ordinary turning feeds?
A. To preserve its accuracy, since wear from routine feeding would spoil cut threads
The lead screw's pitch accuracy determines the accuracy of the threads it cuts, so ordinary feeds are taken from the feed rod to save it from wear. It does move the carriage (through the half nut) and can rotate at any geared speed.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
A shaper has a stroke of 200 mm and makes 30 cutting strokes per minute. The return stroke takes half the time of the cutting stroke. What is the average cutting speed?
A. 9 m/min
V = LN(1 + m)/1000 with m = return time / cutting time = 0.5: V = 200 × 30 × 1.5/1000 = 9 m/min. 6 m/min ignores the quick return; 12 m/min uses a 1:1 ratio; 18 m/min uses (1 + 1/m).
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
A shaper is to machine a flat surface 150 mm wide with a cross feed of 0.5 mm per stroke at 30 strokes per minute. How long will it take?
D. 10 min
Strokes needed = 150/0.5 = 300; time = 300/30 = 10 min. 5 min and 20 min halve or double; 300 min confuses the number of strokes with minutes.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
What does the number in the structural-steel designation S275 (EN 10025) refer to?
B. Minimum yield strength of 275 MPa
Structural steels in EN 10025 are named by minimum yield strength in MPa for the thinnest thickness range. The Indian E250/E350 grades follow the same idea. Tensile strength, hardness and carbon are not what the number gives.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
A 2 m length of 50 mm × 10 mm mild steel flat bar is needed for a prototype. Taking the density of steel as 7850 kg/m³, what is its mass?
D. 7.85 kg
Volume = 0.05 × 0.01 × 2 = 0.001 m³; mass = 7.85 kg. 78.5 and 0.785 kg are decimal slips; 3.93 kg uses 1 m.
Further reading: Hajra Choudhury, Elements of Workshop Technology
Which international standard series sets general safety requirements for agricultural machinery, such as guarding of moving parts?
B. ISO 4254
ISO 4254 covers the safety of agricultural machinery (part 1 is general requirements). ISO 286 covers limits and fits, ISO 525 bonded abrasive products, and ISO 3650 gauge blocks.
Further reading: ISO 4254-1
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