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Rajasthan PSC Mechanics of Tillage & Traction (Soil Dynamics): practice questions

Rajasthan PSC — Assistant Agriculture Engineer (Agriculture Engineering syllabus) · India · Rajasthan Public Service Commission

Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papers
9worked here, free
29written to this exam in this subject
13syllabus units

What this subject covers

How soil resists tools and supports wheels: draft, slip, tractive efficiency, weight transfer and stability.

In the exams: GATE AG Section 3 (traction asked in all 8 papers 2019–26; weight transfer and stability in 5 of 8); ICAR AICE subject 39 Unit 6; ASRB NET FMP

What Rajasthan PSC asks from it

Rajasthan PSC — Assistant Agriculture Engineer

Traction and CG determination named in the farm power syllabus; direct formula questions.

Where the 29 questions fall

How our questions for Rajasthan PSC spread across the units of Mechanics of Tillage & Traction (Soil Dynamics). Difficulty: 24 easy, 5 medium, 0 hard.

Longitudinal and lateral stability4
Traction theory: slip, rolling resistance and net traction3
Wheel and track mechanics3
Cone index and cone penetrometer3
Prediction of draft2
Tractive efficiency2
Weight transfer2
Determination of the centre of gravity2
Tractor chassis mechanics2
Soil compaction by vehicles2
Traction in wetland soils2
Dynamic properties and strength of soil1
Soil-tool mechanics1

9 practice questions, worked

Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.

1 · Soil-tool mechanics · easy

In a disc harrow, why are the front gangs set at opposite angles?

  1. To increase the side draft for better soil inversion
  2. So that their side forces largely cancel
  3. To reduce the vertical load on the discs to roughly zero
  4. To allow the harrow to work without any draft
Answer and working

B. So that their side forces largely cancel

Each angled gang produces a side force; opposing gangs balance them so the harrow runs straight. Vertical load is still needed for penetration, and draft cannot be zero.

2 · Traction theory: slip, rolling resistance and net traction · easy

A tractor covers a marked distance in 17 drive-wheel revolutions without load and in 20 revolutions when pulling a plough. What is the slip?

  1. 17.6 %
  2. 85.0 %
  3. 8.1 %
  4. 15.0 %
Answer and working

D. 15.0 %

s = 1 − N0/N1 = 1 − 17/20 = 15.0 %. Using (N1 − N0)/N0 = 17.6 % is the common wrong basis: slip is referred to the loaded revolutions (theoretical travel). 85.0 % is N0/N1 itself; 8.1 % divides the difference by the sum of the revolutions.

3 · Tractive efficiency · easy

An engine delivers 40 kW; transmission efficiency is 0.90 and tractive efficiency 0.70. What drawbar power is available?

  1. 28.0 kW
  2. 63.5 kW
  3. 25.2 kW
  4. 36.0 kW
Answer and working

C. 25.2 kW

Drawbar = 40 × 0.9 × 0.7 = 25.2 kW. Ignoring the transmission gives 28.0 kW; dividing gives more than engine power, which is impossible. Dividing gives 63.5 kW; 36.0 kW ignores the tractive efficiency.

4 · Determination of the centre of gravity · easy

A level tractor weighs 32 kN in total and its front axle reads 9.6 kN on a platform scale. The wheelbase is 2.4 m. How far ahead of the rear axle is the CG?

  1. 0.72 m
  2. 1.68 m
  3. 0.30 m
  4. 1.03 m
Answer and working

A. 0.72 m

Moments about the rear axle: Wf·L = W·x → x = 9.6 × 2.4/32 = 0.72 m. Using the rear reading gives the distance from the front axle, 1.68 m. 0.30 m forgets to multiply by L; 1.03 m divides by the rear reading (22.4 kN) instead of the total.

5 · Determination of the centre of gravity · easy

A tractor with a track width of 1.5 m weighs 28 kN. The right-side wheels carry 14.7 kN. How far is the CG from the left wheel line?

  1. 0.713 m
  2. 0.750 m
  3. 0.787 m
  4. 0.394 m
Answer and working

C. 0.787 m

Moments about the left wheel line: W_right × t = W × y → y = 14.7 × 1.5/28 = 0.787 m, slightly right of centre (0.037 m). Using the left reading gives the distance from the right wheel line. 0.713 m uses the left reading; 0.750 m assumes the CG is central; 0.394 m uses half the track.

6 · Soil compaction by vehicles · easy

Of several passes of the same wheel in one track, which usually causes the largest increase in bulk density?

  1. The last pass in the track
  2. The first pass
  3. The passes are equal
  4. The third pass, once the soil has been loosened
Answer and working

B. The first pass

Most compaction occurs on the first pass; later passes add less each time but push compaction deeper. This is why confining traffic to fewer tracks helps.

7 · Traction in wetland soils · easy

Why are cage wheels used on power tillers in puddled rice fields?

  1. They sink through soft mud to the firmer layer, grip it with lugs and do not clog with mud
  2. They float on the mud surface without sinking
  3. They reduce the power required for puddling to zero
  4. They increase the wheel's rolling radius on dry roads, so the tiller travels faster between fields
Answer and working

A. They sink through soft mud to the firmer layer, grip it with lugs and do not clog with mud

Cage wheels are open, lugged steel wheels; they reach the hardpan and engage it while shedding mud. Floats, not cage wheels, carry weight on the surface.

8 · Traction theory: slip, rolling resistance and net traction · medium

The coefficient of rolling resistance of a towed wheel is

  1. wheel load divided by the rolling resistance
  2. rolling resistance divided by drawbar pull
  3. rolling radius divided by unloaded radius
  4. rolling resistance divided by wheel load
Answer and working

D. rolling resistance divided by wheel load

RR/W is a dimensionless coefficient; it is small on firm roads and several times larger on soft or tilled soil.

9 · Longitudinal and lateral stability · medium

Which change improves the lateral stability of a tractor working across slopes?

  1. Setting the rear wheels to a wider track
  2. Raising a mounted implement to full height
  3. Removing liquid ballast from the rear tyres
  4. Filling a front loader bucket and raising it
Answer and working

A. Setting the rear wheels to a wider track

Lateral stability depends on half track over CG height. A wider track increases the base; raising loads or removing low ballast raises the CG.

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Read the subject

Mechanics of Tillage & Traction (Soil Dynamics)The full study manual, free Rajasthan PSCFormat, sections and how it has changed

More Rajasthan PSC practice

Surveying & LevellingIrrigation Engineering (Soil-Water-Plant, Conveyance, Surface Methods)Farm Machinery & Equipment I — Tillage, Sowing, Planting, FertiliserTractor & Automotive Engines (IC Engines)Farm Machinery & Equipment II — Plant Protection, Harvesting, ThreshingFarm Machinery Management & EconomicsHydraulic Drives & ControlsWatershed HydrologySprinkler & Micro-Irrigation SystemsFarm Power SourcesSoil & Water Conservation EngineeringTractor Systems & ControlsWater Resources Management, Floods & Canal SystemsHuman Engineering, Ergonomics & SafetyWatershed Planning & Management

Mechanics of Tillage & Traction (Soil Dynamics) for other exams

GATE · IndiaICAR AICE-JRF/SRF · IndiaICAR AIEEA-PG · India

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