ICAR AIEEA-PG Dairy Animal Science: practice questions

1 · Dairy goats, sheep and camels · medium

Which typical composition describes sheep milk?

1. About 6–7% fat and 5–6% protein
2. About 15% fat and 10% protein
3. About 3.5% fat and 3.2% protein
4. About 1–2% fat and 2% protein

2 · Lactation physiology and milk synthesis · medium

Why does lactose synthesis largely determine milk volume?

1. Lactose binds fat and drags it into the milk with water
2. Lactose draws water into secretory vesicles osmotically
3. Lactose is the only component that contains water
4. Lactose blocks the sodium pump so water stays in the blood

3 · Milk let-down and milking: hand and machine · medium

What happens in the rest (massage) phase of machine pulsation?

1. The liner opens fully and milk flows at its fastest rate
2. Vacuum is switched off throughout the whole milking system
3. The liner collapses around the teat, relieving congestion
4. Air is blown into the teat canal to flush it clean

4 · Mastitis and somatic cell count · medium

How does the California Mastitis Test work?

1. A dye stains lactose crystals in abnormal milk
2. Detergent lyses cells; released DNA forms a gel
3. Antibodies bind bacteria and turn the milk blue
4. Acid curdles milk only if fat is high

5 · Mastitis and somatic cell count · medium

Why does mastitic milk give lower cheese yield?

1. Mastitis removes all calcium so rennet works too fast
2. Casein is degraded and more protein and fat are lost in whey
3. Mastitis raises casein and so the curd is too firm to cut
4. Mastitic milk contains too much lactose for starters

6 · Mastitis and somatic cell count · medium

Which measure is part of the classic five-point mastitis control plan?

1. Milking infected cows first each day
2. Post-milking teat disinfection
3. Washing udders with one shared wet cloth
4. Adding antibiotics to all milk sold to the dairy

7 · Herd records, lactation curves and economic traits · medium

A cow has a 400-day calving interval and a 305-day lactation. How long is her dry period?

1. 105 days
2. 60 days
3. 35 days
4. 95 days

8 · Housing, welfare and heat stress in dairy animals · medium

Which effect of heat stress matters most to cheese makers?

1. Lower fat and protein percentages
2. Higher lactose concentration
3. Disappearance of whey proteins
4. Higher fat and protein percentages

9 · Veterinary drug use and withdrawal periods in dairy animals · medium

Which organism is commonly used in microbial inhibitor tests for antibiotic residues in milk?

1. Geobacillus stearothermophilus
2. Aspergillus niger
3. Escherichia coli
4. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

10 · Veterinary drug use and withdrawal periods in dairy animals · medium

Which practice reduces both residues and antimicrobial resistance on dairy farms?

1. Selective dry cow therapy with teat sealants
2. Adding antibiotics to drinking water
3. Treating every cow with antibiotics monthly
4. Shortening all withdrawal periods