ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF (PhD) · India · NTA for ICAR
Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papersThe general responses of tissue to injury: circulatory disturbances, degeneration and necrosis, inflammation and repair, immunopathology and neoplasia.
In the exams: ICAR AICE-JRF core group 06; ICAR AIEEA-PG 13 (Pathology); PRC 10%; Nepal NLEV 6; China basic paper 20; BCSE 20-23 items; AVE Paper 1 at least 8 (with clinical pathology); SAVC diagnostic pathology 25
ICAR AIEEA (PG), Code 13 Veterinary Science (Pathology) and ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF core group 06
Definitions and mechanisms asked as one-line recall: mechanisms of cell injury, reversible versus irreversible change, types of necrosis with examples, dystrophic versus metastatic calcification, amyloid staining and types, pigments and their stains, chemical mediators and their actions, types of giant cells, labile-stable-permanent cells, Gell and Coombs types with veterinary examples, named inherited defects of cattle and dogs, tumour nomenclature exceptions and oncogenic viruses.
How our questions for ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF spread across the units of General Veterinary Pathology. Difficulty: 10 easy, 23 medium, 13 hard.
| Oncology: benign and malignant tumours | 7 | |
| Inflammation | 6 | |
| Necrosis and gangrene | 5 | |
| Aetiology of disease | 4 | |
| Haemodynamic derangements | 4 | |
| Degeneration | 4 | |
| Healing and repair | 4 | |
| Genetic diseases | 4 | |
| Pathological calcification | 3 | |
| Immunopathology | 3 | |
| Disturbances of growth | 2 |
Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation is best described as:
B. A secondary syndrome of widespread microthrombosis consuming platelets and clotting factors
DIC always has a trigger such as sepsis, haemangiosarcoma, heat stroke or pancreatitis. Consumption of platelets and factors plus activated fibrinolysis cause bleeding despite the thrombi. It is not inherited and not due to vitamin K lack.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
Reactive systemic (AA) amyloid is derived from:
C. Serum amyloid A, an acute phase protein made by the liver
AA amyloid follows chronic inflammation, when serum amyloid A is produced in quantity. AL amyloid comes from light chains in plasma cell tumours, and islet amyloid polypeptide is the localised amyloid of feline diabetic islets.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
Glycogen in tissue sections is best demonstrated by:
A. Periodic acid-Schiff, with staining abolished by diastase
PAS stains glycogen magenta; diastase digests glycogen, so loss of staining after diastase proves it is glycogen. Oil Red O stains lipid, trichrome stains collagen and alizarin red stains calcium.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
A serum marker that rises when skeletal muscle fibres undergo necrosis is:
D. Creatine kinase
Creatine kinase is muscle-specific and rises quickly after myonecrosis, for example in nutritional myopathy or exertional rhabdomyolysis. GGT marks cholestasis, lipase and amylase pancreatic injury.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
Accumulation of pus in the guttural pouch of a horse with strangles is termed:
B. Empyema
Pus within an existing anatomical cavity is empyema. An abscess forms a new cavity in tissue, and phlegmon is diffuse suppurative inflammation.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
Complete hepatic regeneration after injury depends most of all on:
C. Survival of the reticulin framework, so regenerating hepatocytes restore the lobular architecture
If the framework is intact, as after a single toxic insult, the liver regenerates fully; repeated injury with collapse of the framework gives nodular regeneration and fibrosis, the end stage being cirrhosis. Collagen deposition is the route to fibrosis, not regeneration.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
A lethal recessive condition affects 1 in 10,000 calves in a randomly mating population. Using the Hardy-Weinberg principle, the frequency of carriers is approximately:
D. 2 per cent
q squared = 1/10,000, so q = 0.01 and p = 0.99; carriers = 2pq = 2 x 0.99 x 0.01 = 0.0198, about 2 per cent. Reporting q itself (1 per cent) or the affected rate (0.01 per cent) are the usual slips, and 20 per cent misplaces the decimal in 0.0198.
Further reading: Zachary JF, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 7th ed.
Ten here, 46 in the app. The Laisha app has every practice question we have written to ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF in this subject, marked as you go, with timed papers, a jump-to-unanswered list and a certificate when you pass at 70 per cent.
Free for ten days, then one subscription of US$10 a month. We would rather say so here than have you find it later.
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