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RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice Veterinary Toxicology: practice questions

RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice (CertAVP) · UK · RCVS, with modules through accredited universities

Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papers
10worked here, free
17written to this exam in this subject
13syllabus units

About RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice

RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice (CertAVP) is a professional certification run by RCVS, with modules through accredited universities, for candidates in UK. Modular postgraduate certificate: 1 A module, 1 B module and 4 C modules. Designated certificates carry a synoptic oral exam.

Source: rcvs.org.uk.

Checked against the exam body's published information. Formats and fees change; confirm the current edition there before you book.

Veterinary Toxicology in RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice

Poisoning by metals, plants, mycotoxins, pesticides, non-protein nitrogen, venoms and pollutants, with residues in food and the antidotes used.

Our 17 RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice questions in this subject: 0 easy, 6 medium, 11 hard, across 13 units.

10 practice questions, worked

Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.

These 10 were written to RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice and are not shown on any other exam's page.

Question 1 · hard

A 60 kg sheep eats 1.5 kg of feed a day containing 5 ppm selenium. What is its daily selenium intake per kg body weight?

  1. 7.5 mg/kg
  2. 0.125 mg/kg
  3. 0.083 mg/kg
  4. 0.056 mg/kg
Answer and working

B. 0.125 mg/kg

5 ppm = 5 mg/kg feed. 5 × 1.5 = 7.5 mg per day; 7.5 ÷ 60 = 0.125 mg/kg body weight. 7.5 is the total daily intake, not per kg body weight, the usual slip; 0.083 ignores the 1.5 kg eaten (5 ÷ 60) and 0.056 divides by the feed instead of multiplying (5 ÷ (1.5 × 60)).

Question 2 · hard

A 450 kg cow drinks 50 L a day of water containing 8 mg/L fluoride. What is her fluoride intake from water, per kg body weight?

  1. About 1.1 mg/kg per day
  2. About 400 mg/kg per day
  3. About 0.018 mg/kg per day
  4. About 0.89 mg/kg per day
Answer and working

D. About 0.89 mg/kg per day

Intake = 8 mg/L × 50 L = 400 mg per day; 400 ÷ 450 = 0.89 mg/kg per day. 400 is the total, not per kg; 1.1 inverts the division (450 ÷ 400) and 0.018 ignores the 50 L drunk (8 ÷ 450).

Question 3 · medium

A dairy cow drinks 60 L a day of well water containing 100 mg/L nitrate-nitrogen. How much nitrate (NO3) does she drink per day?

  1. About 26.6 g
  2. About 6 g
  3. About 1.35 g
  4. About 266 g
Answer and working

A. About 26.6 g

60 L × 100 mg/L = 6,000 mg = 6 g NO3-N; × 4.43 = 26.6 g NO3. 6 g is the nitrate-N, not nitrate, the usual reporting-basis slip; 1.35 g divides by 4.43 instead of multiplying, and 266 g converts 6,000 mg as 60 g.

Question 4 · hard

Which specific antidote can be used for a dog with life-threatening arrhythmias after eating oleander leaves?

  1. Pralidoxime
  2. Digoxin-specific antibody fragments
  3. Calcium disodium EDTA
  4. Fomepizole
Answer and working

B. Digoxin-specific antibody fragments

Oleander glycosides resemble digoxin, and digoxin-specific Fab fragments cross-react with them. Pralidoxime and fomepizole target OPs and ethylene glycol respectively.

Question 5 · hard

A 100 kg pig eats 2 kg a day of feed containing 300 ppb aflatoxin. What is its daily intake per kg body weight?

  1. 600 micrograms/kg
  2. 3 micrograms/kg
  3. 6 micrograms/kg
  4. 6 mg/kg
Answer and working

C. 6 micrograms/kg

300 ppb = 300 micrograms/kg feed. 300 × 2 = 600 micrograms per day; 600 ÷ 100 = 6 micrograms/kg. 600 is the total intake; 6 mg/kg confuses ppb with ppm; 3 micrograms/kg ignores the 2 kg eaten (300 ÷ 100).

Question 6 · hard

A 10 L sheep spray at 0.05% active ingredient is to be made from a 50% concentrate. How much concentrate is needed?

  1. 10 mL
  2. 1 mL
  3. 100 mL
  4. 1 L
Answer and working

A. 10 mL

C1V1 = C2V2: 50% × V1 = 0.05% × 10,000 mL, so V1 = 500 ÷ 50 = 10 mL. 100 mL is a tenfold error that would give 0.5%, a toxic overdose; 1 L enters 50% as 0.5 but 0.05% as 0.05, and 1 mL converts 10 L as 1,000 mL.

Question 7 · hard

How is the amount of antivenom for an envenomated dog decided?

  1. By venom load and clinical response, per the product label, not body weight
  2. Strictly in proportion to body weight, as with most drugs given to small animals
  3. One tenth of the human dose
  4. A fixed dose regardless of product
Answer and working

A. By venom load and clinical response, per the product label, not body weight

A small dog receives the same venom as a large one, so antivenom is dosed to neutralise venom and repeated as signs require.

Question 8 · medium

Why is chloramphenicol prohibited in food-producing animals in many countries?

  1. It has a very long withdrawal period that can make treated animals unsaleable for a year
  2. It is ineffective in ruminants
  3. It causes photosensitisation
  4. No ADI can be set, partly because of dose-independent aplastic anaemia in people
Answer and working

D. No ADI can be set, partly because of dose-independent aplastic anaemia in people

Idiosyncratic aplastic anaemia in humans is not dose-related, so no ADI or MRL can be established.

Question 9 · hard

A 500 kg cow eats 12 kg of feed containing 50 ppm of a contaminant. What is her daily dose?

  1. 1.2 mg/kg body weight
  2. 600 mg/kg body weight
  3. 0.1 mg/kg body weight
  4. 4.2 mg/kg body weight
Answer and working

A. 1.2 mg/kg body weight

50 ppm = 50 mg/kg feed; 50 × 12 = 600 mg per day; 600 ÷ 500 = 1.2 mg/kg. 600 is the total intake, not per kg body weight; 0.1 ignores the 12 kg eaten (50 ÷ 500) and 4.2 divides 50 by 12 instead of multiplying.

Question 10 · hard

A 10 kg dog eats five pieces of sugar-free gum, each containing 1 g of xylitol. What dose has it received?

  1. 50 mg/kg
  2. 500 mg/kg
  3. 5 g/kg
  4. 100 mg/kg
Answer and working

B. 500 mg/kg

Total = 5 × 1 g = 5 g = 5,000 mg; 5,000 ÷ 10 = 500 mg/kg (0.5 g/kg). This is above the commonly cited threshold for hypoglycaemia (about 0.1 g/kg) and at the level cited for liver failure (about 0.5 g/kg). 50 mg/kg is a tenfold slip; 100 mg/kg counts only one piece (1 g ÷ 10 kg).

A study plan for Veterinary Toxicology in RCVS Certificate in Advanced Veterinary Practice

This plan follows where our questions actually fall, so the time goes where the marks are likely to be. It is our reading of the syllabus, not the exam body's weighting.

  1. First, the heavy units (53% of the 17 questions): Antidotes (2, 12%); Copper, molybdenum, fluorine and selenium toxicity (2, 12%); Ecotoxicology and residues (2, 12%); Rodenticide poisoning (2, 12%); Corrosives and irritants (1, 6%).

    Read the manual chapters for these first and do every worked question you can find on them.

  2. Then the middle band: Cyanogenic plants (1, 6%); Mycotoxins and aflatoxicosis (1, 6%); Nitrate and nitrite poisoning (1, 6%); Organochlorine and pyrethroid poisoning (1, 6%); Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning (1, 6%).

    Aim for one sitting per unit, then mixed questions across them.

  3. Then the lighter units: Oxalate, lantana and bracken poisoning (1, 6%); Snake bite and insect stings (1, 6%); Urea and non-protein nitrogen toxicity (1, 6%).

    Learn the definitions, classifications and standard numbers; these units are more often recalled than worked.

  4. Leave time for the hard ones: Copper, molybdenum, fluorine and selenium toxicity (2 hard of 2), Corrosives and irritants (1 hard of 1), Cyanogenic plants (1 hard of 1).

    Come back to these after a first pass, untimed, and read every explanation, including for the options you rejected.

  5. Finish timed. Sit the subject as a timed set without notes, mark it, and send each wrong answer back to its unit above.

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