ICAR AIEEA (PG): Master's entrance, Veterinary Science and Animal Sciences · India · NTA for ICAR
Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papersThe bacterial and related infectious diseases of livestock and horses: clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control.
In the exams: ICAR AICE-JRF core group 07 (Medicine); ICAR AIEEA-PG 13; China infectious diseases 30; TNPSC Micro/VPH/Preventive Medicine 30
ICAR AIEEA (PG) — Veterinary Science (code 13)
Aetiological agents and their key properties (capsule and plasmids of B. anthracis, serotypes of HS, C. perfringens toxinotypes, Brucella species and hosts), classical diagnostic tests (M'Fadyean, Ascoli, RBPT, MRT, MAT, mallein, CMT), vaccine strains (S19, RB51, Rev.1, Sterne 34F2, T1/44) and zoonoses.
How our questions for ICAR AIEEA spread across the units of Preventive Veterinary Medicine I: Bacterial, Fungal, Rickettsial and Mycoplasmal Diseases. Difficulty: 17 easy, 25 medium, 1 hard.
| Brucellosis | 5 | |
| Haemorrhagic septicaemia | 4 | |
| Caseous lymphadenitis | 3 | |
| Clostridial diseases: black quarter, enterotoxaemia and tetanus | 3 | |
| Anthrax | 3 | |
| Tuberculosis | 3 | |
| Johne's disease | 3 | |
| Mycoplasmal diseases: CBPP and CCPP | 3 | |
| Anaplasmosis | 3 | |
| Mastitis | 2 | |
| Listeriosis | 2 | |
| Leptospirosis | 2 | |
| Glanders | 2 | |
| Actinomycosis and actinobacillosis | 2 | |
| Ringworm | 2 | |
| Strangles | 1 |
Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.
The major virulence factor of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is:
C. Phospholipase D
Phospholipase D is an exotoxin that increases vascular permeability and aids spread; it is the basis of CLA toxoid vaccines and serological tests. Epsilon toxin belongs to C. perfringens type D; protective antigen to B. anthracis.
Which laboratory finding supports enterotoxaemia (type D) in a recently dead lamb?
D. Glucosuria
Epsilon toxin causes hyperglycaemia and glucose in the urine, a useful field sign. Ketonuria with hypoglycaemia points to pregnancy toxaemia in ewes; haemoglobinuria to babesiosis or leptospirosis.
Which species is most susceptible to haemorrhagic septicaemia?
D. Water buffalo
Buffalo are more susceptible than cattle, and mortality in unvaccinated buffalo is very high. Sheep, pigs and horses are only occasionally affected.
The maintenance host for Leptospira serovar Hardjo is:
C. Cattle
Cattle maintain Hardjo, often with chronic renal and genital infection. Pigs maintain Pomona and Bratislava, dogs Canicola, and rats Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni.
The reference serological test for leptospirosis is:
B. Microscopic agglutination test
The MAT uses live leptospires of a panel of serovars and is the reference test. The Rose Bengal plate test and milk ring test are for brucellosis.
The predilection of B. abortus for the pregnant bovine uterus is linked to:
D. Erythritol in the placenta and fetal fluids
Erythritol, abundant in ruminant placental tissue, is preferentially used by B. abortus and helps explain massive placental multiplication. The other options are not recognised mechanisms.
A screening test has sensitivity 95% and specificity 95%. It is applied to 1,000 cattle in an area where true brucellosis prevalence is 2%. What is the positive predictive value?
D. About 28%
True positives = 20 x 0.95 = 19; false positives = 980 x 0.05 = 49; PPV = 19/68 = 27.9%. At low prevalence most positives are false, which is why screening (e.g., RBPT) is followed by a confirmatory test. Equating PPV with sensitivity (95%) is the classic error; about 90% comes from multiplying sensitivity by specificity (0.95 x 0.95).
The gross lesions of avian tuberculosis in chickens are found mainly in the:
A. Liver, spleen and intestine
M. avium subsp. avium spreads by the oral route and causes tubercles in the liver, spleen, intestine and bone marrow of older birds; lungs are much less affected than in bovine TB.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes which condition in sheep?
C. Tick-borne fever
A. phagocytophilum infects granulocytes and causes tick-borne fever in sheep and cattle, with immunosuppression. Heartwater is Ehrlichia ruminantium; redwater is babesiosis; louping ill is viral.
On microscopy of plucked hairs from an animal with dermatophytosis, one typically sees:
A. Arthroconidia (arthrospores) surrounding the hair shaft
Dermatophytes form chains of arthroconidia around (ectothrix) the hair shaft, seen in KOH or mineral-oil preparations. Macroconidia form in culture, not on hairs.
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