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ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF Preventive Veterinary Medicine II: Viral and Parasitic Diseases: practice questions

ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF (PhD) · India · NTA for ICAR

Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papers
6worked here, free
33written to this exam in this subject
15syllabus units

What this subject covers

The viral and parasitic diseases of farm and companion animals, national control programmes and the international role of WOAH.

In the exams: ICAR AICE-JRF core group 07 (Medicine); SAVC Paper 4 State veterinary medicine 35; NAVLE veterinary public health 4%; China infectious diseases 30

What ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF asks from it

ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF (PhD) — core group 07 (Medicine)

Pathogenesis and epidemiology in more depth: the PI calf in BVD, carrier state in FMD, endemic stability in babesiosis, infection-and-treatment for T. parva, NSP serology as DIVA, eradication principles from rinderpest and the design of PPR and FMD programmes.

Where the 33 questions fall

How our questions for ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF spread across the units of Preventive Veterinary Medicine II: Viral and Parasitic Diseases. Difficulty: 3 easy, 7 medium, 23 hard.

Rinderpest: the eradication case study4
National disease control programmes: FMD, brucellosis, rabies, HS and BQ4
Foot-and-mouth disease3
Helminthoses3
The role of WOAH3
Bluetongue2
Rabies2
Bovine viral diarrhoea2
Classical and African swine fever2
Babesiosis and theileriosis2
Trypanosomosis2
Peste des petits ruminants1
Lumpy skin disease1
Pox diseases1
Viral diseases of horses1

6 practice questions, worked

Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.

1 · Foot-and-mouth disease · easy

How many serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus are recognised?

  1. Nine, matching the nine serotypes of African horse sickness
  2. One serotype with seven genetic topotypes that cross-protect
  3. Seven: O, A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3
  4. Four: O, A, C and Asia 1, the SAT types being one serotype
Answer and working

C. Seven: O, A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3

There are seven immunologically distinct serotypes (O, A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1-3), and immunity to one does not protect against another. Nine serotypes is African horse sickness, and the 'one serotype' idea fits PPR, not FMD.

2 · Foot-and-mouth disease · hard

Which statement about the FMD carrier state is correct?

  1. Carriers occur only in unvaccinated cattle, never in vaccinated cattle
  2. Pigs are the main long-term carriers, often shedding virus in faeces for years
  3. Recovered and vaccinated ruminants can; pigs cannot
  4. Sheep cannot carry FMD virus because their infection is always mild
Answer and working

C. Recovered and vaccinated ruminants can; pigs cannot

Ruminants, including vaccinated ones that become infected, can carry virus in the pharynx for weeks to years (buffalo for years); pigs do not become carriers. Mild disease in sheep makes them hard to detect, not incapable of carrying the virus.

3 · Peste des petits ruminants · hard

What is the target date and strategy named in the global plan to eradicate PPR?

  1. Eradication by 2025 under the Global Rinderpest Eradication Programme
  2. Control, not eradication, by 2040 under the FAO-WOAH Progressive Control Pathway for PPR
  3. Eradication by 2030 under the FAO-WOAH Global Control and Eradication Strategy
  4. Eradication by 2030 under the WHO-led 'Zero by 30' strategy
Answer and working

C. Eradication by 2030 under the FAO-WOAH Global Control and Eradication Strategy

FAO and WOAH launched the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy in 2015 with eradication targeted for 2030. GREP was the rinderpest programme, PCP is the FMD pathway, and 'Zero by 30' is the dog-mediated rabies plan.

4 · Rinderpest: the eradication case study · medium

Why is rinderpest historically linked to the founding of the OIE (now WOAH) in 1924?

  1. The first rinderpest vaccine was developed at the OIE laboratory in 1924
  2. An incursion into Belgium in 1920 showed the need for international cooperation
  3. Rinderpest reached the Americas in 1924 through infected cattle shipped from European ports
  4. A rinderpest outbreak in Paris in 1924 forced France to close its borders
Answer and working

B. An incursion into Belgium in 1920 showed the need for international cooperation

Rinderpest arrived in Belgium in 1920 in zebu cattle in transit, and the alarm led to the international agreement creating the OIE in Paris in 1924. The other options invent events; the OIE never ran a vaccine development laboratory.

5 · Rabies · hard

A disease has a basic reproduction number (R0) of 4 in a population. The vaccine is 90% effective. What minimum vaccination coverage is needed to stop sustained transmission?

  1. About 68%
  2. 75%
  3. About 83%
  4. 90%
Answer and working

C. About 83%

Critical immune proportion = 1 - 1/R0 = 1 - 1/4 = 0.75. With 90% effectiveness, coverage = 0.75 / 0.90 = 0.833, about 83%. 75% ignores vaccine failure; 68% multiplies (0.75 x 0.90) instead of dividing.

6 · National disease control programmes: FMD, brucellosis, rabies, HS and BQ · medium

A survey aims to show freedom from a disease with 95% confidence, assuming that if the disease were present at least 5% of animals in a large herd would be infected. With a perfect test, about how many randomly chosen animals must be tested, all negative?

  1. About 149
  2. About 95
  3. About 59
  4. 20
Answer and working

C. About 59

For a large population, n = ln(1 - confidence) / ln(1 - design prevalence) = ln(0.05) / ln(0.95) = 58.4, so about 59. 20 is just 1/0.05; about 149 is the answer for a 2% design prevalence; 95 confuses the confidence level with a sample size.

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Read the subject

Preventive Veterinary Medicine II: Viral and Parasitic DiseasesThe full study manual, free ICAR AICE-JRF/SRFFormat, sections and how it has changed

More ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF practice

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Preventive Veterinary Medicine II: Viral and Parasitic Diseases for other exams

Australasian Veterinary Examination, formerly the National Veterinary Examination · Australia / New ZealandBCSE · USA / CanadaICAR AIEEA · IndiaNAVLE · USA / CanadaRCVS Statutory Membership Examination · UKSAVC Registration Examination · South AfricaENADE · BrazilNational Veterinary Examination · JapanNational Practising Veterinarian Qualification Examination · ChinaVeterinarian National Examination · South Korea

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