ICAR AIEEA Preventive Veterinary Medicine II: Viral and Parasitic Diseases: practice questions

1 · Foot-and-mouth disease · easy

How many serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus are recognised?

1. Nine, matching the nine serotypes of African horse sickness
2. One serotype with seven genetic topotypes that cross-protect
3. Seven: O, A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3
4. Four: O, A, C and Asia 1, the SAT types being one serotype

2 · Foot-and-mouth disease · hard

Which statement about the FMD carrier state is correct?

1. Carriers occur only in unvaccinated cattle, never in vaccinated cattle
2. Pigs are the main long-term carriers, often shedding virus in faeces for years
3. Recovered and vaccinated ruminants can; pigs cannot
4. Sheep cannot carry FMD virus because their infection is always mild

3 · Peste des petits ruminants · hard

What is the target date and strategy named in the global plan to eradicate PPR?

1. Eradication by 2025 under the Global Rinderpest Eradication Programme
2. Control, not eradication, by 2040 under the FAO-WOAH Progressive Control Pathway for PPR
3. Eradication by 2030 under the FAO-WOAH Global Control and Eradication Strategy
4. Eradication by 2030 under the WHO-led 'Zero by 30' strategy

4 · Bluetongue · easy

Bluetongue virus is transmitted mainly by which vector?

1. Biting midges of the genus Culicoides
2. Hard ticks of the genus Hyalomma
3. Sand flies of the genus Phlebotomus
4. Tsetse flies of the genus Glossina

5 · Rabies · easy

What does the global 'Zero by 30' strategy aim to achieve?

1. Vaccinate 30% of the world's dogs every year
2. Eradicate rabies virus from all wildlife by 2030
3. Reduce dog populations by 30% in every country
4. End human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030

6 · Pox diseases · medium

A dairy farmer in South Asia milks buffaloes with pustules on the teats and develops similar lesions on his hands. Which infection is most likely?

1. Fowlpox, an avipoxvirus from poultry
2. Lumpy skin disease, a capripoxvirus
3. Buffalopox, a vaccinia-like orthopoxvirus
4. Bovine papular stomatitis, a parapoxvirus

7 · Canine distemper, canine parvovirus and infectious canine hepatitis · easy

The 'blue eye' seen in some dogs recovering from infectious canine hepatitis is caused by:

1. Vitamin A deficiency secondary to liver damage
2. Haemorrhage into the anterior chamber from thrombocytopenia
3. Direct infection of the lens by canine distemper virus
4. Immune-complex anterior uveitis leading to corneal oedema

8 · Babesiosis and theileriosis · easy

Which tick genus transmits Theileria annulata, the cause of tropical theileriosis?

1. Ixodes
2. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)
3. Ornithodoros
4. Hyalomma

9 · Trypanosomosis · medium

Several thin blood smears from a camel suspected of surra are negative. Which test improves sensitivity for detecting trypanosomes in blood?

1. Repeating the thin smear stained with Ziehl-Neelsen
2. Microhaematocrit centrifugation and examination of the buffy coat
3. Faecal flotation in saturated sodium chloride
4. Rose Bengal plate test on a single serum sample collected from the camel

10 · The role of WOAH · easy

Within how long of confirmation must a country send WOAH an immediate notification of the first occurrence of a listed disease?

1. 7 days
2. Six months
3. 30 days
4. 24 hours