ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF Community & Social Forestry, Joint Forest Management & Forest Peoples: practice questions

1 · Social, farm, extension and community forestry: concepts · medium

Village woodlots on common land under 1980s social forestry often failed mainly because:

1. Insecure rights and benefits
2. Eucalyptus could not grow on commons
3. Seedlings were never distributed
4. Villagers did not need fuelwood

2 · Social, farm, extension and community forestry: concepts · medium

A criticism of eucalyptus farm forestry in the 1980s was that it:

1. Produced no wood of any value
2. Was planted only by the poorest
3. Served markets more than local needs
4. Increased agricultural employment

3 · Joint and collaborative forest management: institutions, benefit sharing · hard

Tanzania's Forest Act of 2002 provides for:

1. Joint and village-level community management
2. State management of all forests with no role for communities
3. Sale of all forest reserves to private firms
4. Abolition of village councils

4 · Community forestry models worldwide (e.g. Nepal, Mexico, the Philippines, Tanzania) · hard

A frequently reported problem in Nepal's community forestry is:

1. Total deforestation in the middle hills
2. Absence of any user groups
3. Ban on selling forest products
4. Elite capture, under-use

5 · Indigenous, tribal and forest-dependent communities: social structure and livelihoods · medium

Mahua, important to tribal livelihoods, is valued mainly for its:

1. Bark fibre
2. Resin
3. Flowers and seeds
4. Timber only

6 · Shifting cultivation and taungya · hard

A household crops 1 ha for 2 years in a shifting cultivation cycle with 10 years of fallow. Land needed in rotation is:

1. 12 ha
2. 5 ha
3. 10 ha
4. 6 ha

7 · Forest rights and tenure security · hard

Compared with a JFM committee, a Nepal CFUG typically holds:

1. Fewer rights of any kind
2. Only access rights
3. Only alienation rights
4. More of the rights bundle

8 · Gender in forestry · medium

Bina Agarwal found better forest outcomes where women in executive committees reached roughly:

1. One member only
2. Under five percent
3. A quarter to a third
4. Exactly ninety percent

9 · Gender in forestry · easy

Gender analysis distinguishes practical needs from:

1. Strategic interests
2. Market prices
3. Timber yields
4. Soil classes

10 · Gender in forestry · hard

Women's participation in forest institutions improves outcomes mainly when it includes:

1. Real decision-making roles
2. Membership lists only
3. Attendance without voice
4. Signatures on minutes