ICAR AICE-JRF/SRF Wood Seasoning, Preservation & Protection: practice questions

1 · Air seasoning · hard

Air seasoning is often used before kiln drying mainly because it:

1. Produces lower final moisture content than any kiln
2. Prevents all seasoning defects
3. Prevents all seasoning defects in every species
4. Removes much water cheaply, saving kiln time and energy

2 · Seasoning defects and their control · medium

Casehardening is detected by:

1. The Janka test
2. A spot test for copper
3. The prong test
4. A graveyard test

3 · Seasoning defects and their control · hard

Collapsed wood in some species can be partly recovered by:

1. Freezing the wood overnight
2. Soaking in preservative
3. Sanding the surface
4. Reconditioning with steam

4 · Seasoning defects and their control · hard

Surface checks in drying form mainly because:

1. The core shrinks before the surface does
2. Longitudinal shrinkage is very large
3. The surface dries and shrinks before the core
4. Free water expands on drying

5 · Solar and other low-cost seasoning · hard

Girdling is now less common because it:

1. Is forbidden by every forest act in Asia
2. Makes logs sink
3. Increases seasoning time
4. Reduces growth and permits insect attack

6 · Preservatives: oil-type, water-borne, organic solvent · hard

A main disadvantage of creosote is that it:

1. It leaches out of wood within a few weeks
2. Is ineffective against marine borers
3. Contains carcinogenic PAHs and cannot be painted
4. Makes wood swell greatly

7 · Treatment methods: non-pressure and pressure (full-cell, empty-cell) · medium

The Rueping process begins with:

1. An initial vacuum, as in the Bethell process
2. Soaking for a week
3. No pressure at all
4. Initial air pressure on the wood

8 · Treatment methods: non-pressure and pressure (full-cell, empty-cell) · hard

The Lowry process differs from the Rueping process in that it:

1. No initial pressure, so less recovery
2. It uses an initial vacuum, like the Bethell process
3. It uses no preservative at all
4. It applies only to green, unseasoned wood

9 · Fire retardants · hard

A known side effect of some fire-retardant treatments is:

1. Increased hygroscopicity and fastener corrosion
2. Lower moisture uptake in humid rooms
3. Increased strength at high temperature
4. Elimination of all decay

10 · Biological and environmentally safer preservation; modified wood · hard

Natural products such as neem oil and chitosan for wood protection are generally:

1. More effective than all conventional preservatives
2. Promising but less effective in severe hazards
3. Banned in all countries
4. Only useful against marine borers