National Licensure Examination for Veterinarians (NLEV) · Nepal · Nepal Veterinary Council (NVC Act 2055 BS)
Original practice questions written to the published syllabus · not past papersRural sociology and the methods used to take animal-health knowledge to farmers, with the history of livestock and dairy development programmes in several regions.
In the exams: ICAR AIEEA-PG 14 (Veterinary Extension); TNPSC Extension 10; RPSC (Operation Flood, schemes, livestock census, insurance); Nepal NLEV Social Science 6
Nepal National Licensure Examination for Veterinarians (NLEV), Social Science
Rural sociology concepts, extension principles and methods, communication and adoption, participatory approaches and gender in livestock keeping.
How our questions for National Licensure Examination for Veterinarians spread across the units of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education. Difficulty: 18 easy, 33 medium, 11 hard.
| Principles of extension | 14 | |
| Communication and audio-visual aids | 10 | |
| Extension teaching methods | 9 | |
| Programme planning | 9 | |
| Programme evaluation | 9 | |
| Rural sociology | 7 | |
| Tribal and urban communities | 4 |
Choose an answer, then open the working. Each explanation says why the right answer is right and why the others are not.
Which of the following is a primary group in Cooley's sense?
A. A farm family that eats, works and decides together every day
Cooley's primary groups are small, face-to-face, intimate and lasting, with the family as the classic case. A milk union, a professional association and a party branch are secondary groups: large, formal and built for a specific purpose.
In Tonnies' terms, a village bound together by kinship, neighbourhood and shared sentiment is an example of:
D. Gemeinschaft
Tonnies contrasted Gemeinschaft, community based on kinship and sentiment, with Gesellschaft, association based on contract and self-interest, typical of cities. Anomie is Durkheim's term for normlessness, and 'mechanised association' is not a term from Tonnies.
In Rogers' adopter categories, what percentage of adopters are early adopters?
B. 13.5 per cent
Innovators are 2.5 per cent, early adopters 13.5, early majority 34, late majority 34 and laggards 16 per cent.
A block has 2,400 dairy households, and adoption of a new practice is expected to follow Rogers' normal distribution. How many households would fall in the early majority?
C. 816
Early majority = 34 per cent: 0.34 x 2,400 = 816. 324 is the early adopters' 13.5 per cent, 60 the innovators' 2.5 per cent and 384 the laggards' 16 per cent.
In a district of 1,600 dairy households, 400 have adopted sex-sorted semen so far, and adoption is following Rogers' normal curve. Which adopter category is now adopting?
A. The early majority
400 / 1,600 = 25 per cent adopted. Innovators plus early adopters make up 2.5 + 13.5 = 16 per cent; adding the early majority's 34 brings the cumulative total to 50 per cent. Since 25 per cent lies between 16 and 50, the households adopting now are in the early majority.
Which rule is central to brainstorming as described by Alex Osborn?
C. Criticism of ideas is held back until many ideas have been collected
Brainstorming seeks quantity of ideas and postpones evaluation so that people are not discouraged from speaking. Immediate judgement, leader-only ideas and written collection without discussion all defeat its purpose.
In Berlo's SMCR model, what do the four letters stand for?
D. Source, message, channel, receiver
Berlo's 1960 model names source, message, channel and receiver, and lists factors affecting each. The other expansions are invented.
A veterinarian explains mastitis to farmers using terms such as 'somatic cell count' and 'subclinical inflammation', and they do not understand. Which barrier to communication is this?
B. Semantic noise
Words the receiver does not understand produce semantic noise. Physical noise is sound or other interference; selective exposure is people choosing which messages to attend to; channel overload is too many messages for the channel.
In PRA, the principle of checking information through several methods, sources and team members is called:
A. Triangulation
Triangulation is cross-checking. Optimal ignorance and appropriate imprecision mean collecting only what is needed at the precision needed; handing over the stick means letting local people lead the drawing and analysis.
In a frontline demonstration on feeding, the potential milk yield is 14 litres per cow per day, demonstration herds give 11 litres and farmers' usual practice gives 9 litres. What is the technology index?
C. 21.4 per cent
Technology gap = 14 - 11 = 3 litres. Technology index = 3 / 14 x 100 = 21.4 per cent. Dividing by the demonstration yield instead gives 27.3 per cent; 22.2 per cent is the extension gap 2 divided by farmers' yield 9; 14.3 per cent is 2 / 14, using the extension gap in place of the technology gap.
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